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Suggested Keys for Group 1 (Other Arthropods)

Psephenidae (water penny beetles)
Psephenidae (water penny beetles)

These are suggested, not comprehensive, lists. The taxonomic certification examinations may include taxa that are not included in the more general keys (e.g., Merritt and Cummins).

We expect taxonomists to be aware of recent literature changes and know how to identify the genera even though there may not be any keys. A good taxonomist needs to know how to work in the absence of keys.

While we will attempt to include primary literature, it is the candidate’s responsibility to be familiar with the current status of the group in question.

Coleoptera

  • Arnett, R. H. Jr. and M. C. Thomas. 2001. Editors. American Beetles. Volume 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York and Washington, D.C.
  • Arnett, R. H. Jr. , M. C. Thomas, P.E. Skelly and J.H. Frank. 2002. Editors. American Beetles. Volume 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York and Washington, D.C.
  • Brigham, W. U. Aquatic Coleoptera. pp. 10.14-10.136 in A. R. Brigham, W. U. Brigham, & A. Gnika (eds.). Aquatic insects and oligochaetes of North and South Carolina. Midwest Aquatic Enterprises. Mahomet, Illinois.
  • Epler, J.H. 2010. The Water Beetles of Florida – an identification manual for the families Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Dryopidae, Elmidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Helophoridae, Hydraenidae, Hydrochidae, Hydrophilidae, Noteridae, Psephenidae, Ptilodactylidae and Scirtidae. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida.
  • Gordon, R. D. & R. L. Post. 1965. North Dakota water beetles. North Dakota Insects 5:1-53.
  • Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1992. Dytiscidae and Noteridae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera). I. Introduction, key to genera of adults, and distribution, habitat, life cycle, and identification of species of Agabetinae, Laccophilinae and Noteridae. Great Lakes Entomologist 25:57-69.
  • Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1993a. Dytiscidae and Noteridae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera). II. Distribution, habitat, life cycle, and identification of Dytiscinae. Great Lakes Entomologist 26:35-53.
  • Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1993b. Dytiscidae and Noteridae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera). III. Distribution, habitat, life cycle, and identification of Colymbetinae, except Agabini. Great Lakes Entomologist 26:121-136.
  • Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1993c. Dytiscidae and Noteridae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera). IV. Distribution, habitat, life cycle, and identification of Agabini (Colymbetinae). Great Lakes Entomologist 26:173-197.
  • Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1994. Dytiscidae and Noteridae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera). V. Distribution, habitat, life cycle, and identification of Hydroporinae, except Hydroporus Clairville sensu lato. Great Lakes Entomologist 26:275-295.
  • Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1995. Dytiscidae and Noteridae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera). VI. Distribution, habitat, life cycle, and identification of species of Hydroporus Clairville sensu lato (Hydroporinae). Great Lakes Entomologist 28:1-23.
  • Larson, D. J. Y. Alarie, & R. E. Roughley. 2000. Predacious diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of the Nearctic Region, with emphasis on the fauna of Canada and Alaska. NRC Press. Ottawa.
  • Leech, H. B. & H. P. Chandler. 1956. Aquatic Coleoptera. pp. 293-371. in R. L. Usinger (ed.). Aquatic insects of California with keys to North American genera and California species. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
  • Malcolm, S. E. 1971. The water beetles of Maine: Including the families Gyrinidae, Halplidae, Dytiscidae, Noteridae, and Hydrophilidae. University of Maine, Life Sciences and Agriculture Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 48.
  • Roughley, R. E. 2001a. Gyrinidae Latreille, 1810. pp. 133-137 in R. H. Arnett & M. C. Thomas (eds.). American beetles Volume 1: Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adelphaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press. New York, New York.
  • Roughley, R. E. 2001b. Haliplidae Aubé, 1836. pp.138-143 in R. H. Arnett & M. C. Thomas (eds.). American beetles Volume 1: Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adelphaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press. New York, New York.
  • Roughley, R. E. 2001c. Noteridae C. G. Thompson, 1857. pp. 147-152 in R. H. Arnett & M. C. Thomas (eds.). American beetles Volume 1: Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adelphaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press. New York, New York.
  • Roughley, R. E. & D. J. Larson. 2001. Dytiscidae Leach, 1815. pp. 156-186 in R. H. Arnett & M. C. Thomas (eds.). American beetles Volume 1: Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adelphaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press. New York, New York.

Odonata

  • Westfall, M. J., Jr. and M. L. May. 1996. Damselflies of North America. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida.
  • M. L. May. 2000. Dragonflies of North America. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida.

Diptera

  • Merritt, R. W. & K. W. Cummins (eds.). 1996. An introduction to the aquatic insects of North America. 3rd ed. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa.

Useful Keys to Genus and Species That Have Been Published Since the 1996 Edition of Merritt & Cummins

Blephariceridae

  • Courtney, G. W. 2000. Revision of the net-winged midges of the genus Blepharicera Macquart (Diptera: Blephariceridae) of eastern North America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 23: 1-99.

Culicidae

  • Darsie, R. F. & R. A. Ward. 2004. Identification and geographical distribution of the mosquitoes: of North America, north of Mexico. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.

Empididae

  • MacDonald, J. F. & J. R. Harkrider. 1999. Differentiation of larvae of Metachela Coquillett and Neoplasta Coquillett (Diptera: Empididae: Hemerodromiinae) based on larval rearing, external morphology, and ribosomal DNA fragment size. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 18: 414-419.

Simuliiidae

  • Adler, P. H., D. C. Currie & D. M. Wood. 2004. The black flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.

Thaumaleidae

  • Sinclair, B. J. 1996. A review of the Thaumaleidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) of eastern North America, including a redefinition of the genus Androprosopa Mik. Entomologica Scandinavica 27: 361-376.

Trombidiformes (Mites)

  • Hydrachnidia chapter by Bruce Smith in Peckarsky, B. L., P. Fraissinet, M. A. Penton, and D. J. Conklin, Jr. 1990. Freshwater macroinvertebrates of Northeastern North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
  • Smith, Cook and Smith on Arachnida in Thorp, J. H. and A.P. Covich (eds.). 2001. Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, California.